Go Data Types

In Go, data types are categorized into two main groups: basic types and composite types. Because Go is a statically typed language, every variable must have a defined type at the time of declaration, and that type cannot change.

Basic Types

Numeric Types

• int, int8, int16, int32, int64 Signed integers.
• uint, uint8, uint16, uint32, uint64 Unsigned integers.
• float32, float64 Floating-point numbers.
• complex64, complex128 Complex numbers.

Text Types

• string A sequence of characters.
• byte Alias for uint8 typically used for raw data.
• rune Alias for int32, represents a Unicode code point.

Boolean Type

• bool: Can be true or false.

Composite Types

Arrays

Fixed-size collections of elements of the same type:

var arr [3]int = [3]int{1, 2, 3}

Slices

Dynamic arrays:

var s []int = []int{4, 5, 6}

Maps

Key-value pairs:

m := map[string]int{"a": 1, "b": 2}

Structs

Custom data structures:

type User struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

Interfaces

Abstract types that allow different types to be used interchangeably:

var i interface{} = "hello"

Channels

Used for communication between goroutines:

ch := make(chan int)

Understanding Go's type system is essential for writing robust, clear, and efficient code. By mastering these types, you'll be better equipped to write idiomatic Go programs.